SKKN Some experience teaching effective conditional sentences for students at Tho Xuan 5 High School in the National High School Examination

CATEGORY
1: introduction.................................................................................................. ...1
1.1. Reason for choosing the topic.................................................................... ..1
1.2. Reseach purposes .......................................................................................... 1
1.3. Research subjects ..................................................................................... .....1 
1.4. Research methods ......................................................................................... 1
1.5. New points......................................................................................................1
2. Content..............................................................................................................2
2.1.Theoretic basis of the topic ............................................................................ 2
2.2 The reality of the topic................................................................................... 2
2.3. Problem sloving........................................................................................... .2
2.3.1. Definition.................................................................................................... 2
2.3.2. Types of conditional sentences.................................................................. .3
2.3.2.1 Conditional sentences in the text book......................................................3
2.3.3. Other expressions of conditional sentences................................................ 3
2.4 Extended conditional sentences..................................................................... 6
2.5. forms of objective test of conditional test.................................................... .7
2.6. Efectiveness of initiatives experience..........................................................13
3. Conclusion......................................................................................................14
3.1. Petition.........................................................................................................14
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Reason for choosing the topic 
 English, an international language, has been a compulsory subject at high schools in Vietnam in the past few years.
 Foreign language teaching – English is also being attended by schools, educators, teachers, parents and students. They are also given the other educational teaching methods. Conditional sentences are one of the important grammars that are included in the national high school examination and excellent student competition. However, most students only know the formula and usage of conditonal type 1,2 and 3. students are often confused whe they encounter mixed-form conditions. Therefor many students have difficulty in distinguishing and doing exercises related to conditional sentences. Especially for the weak students in the school that I am teaching. Most of them are weak students of foreign languages so the purpose I set for my self is how to get the students to know the knowledge the simplest, most effective way, and they can be applied on the national high school exam.
The knowledge I want to introduce in this experience initiative is some experience teaching effective conditional sentences for students at Tho Xuan 5 High School in the National High School Examination. They are very simple, short, easy to identify, easy to remember and easy to score.
1.2. Reseach purposes
 in the high school program “ The conditional sentence” is taught grades 10,11 and 12 with different types of exercises. In my topic I not only provide some grammar structures but also how to define conditional types and forms of conditional sentences with form of objective test to match the test.
1.3. Research subjects
In my topic I choose high school students and learn the current standard curriculum. Students have different quallifications: excellent, good, average and weak.
This theme is applied in the grades 12A1 and 12A5 from 2015 to 2016.
With this topic I give some the following tasks.
- Understand the content, which the teacher introduced
- Provide students with methods and teach students how to do them
- I would like to provide a special type of exercises to involve to extended conditional sentences.
1.4. Research methods
Research, collect various types of objective test and how to do them. Through this, teachers not only assess awarness but also awarness ability of the students during the learning process.
1.5. New points
According to extended conditional sentences English has two main types of conditional sentencs. They are assumption conditional sentences and expression conditional sentences.
 2. CONTENT
2.1 THEORETIC BASIS OF THE TOPIC
 When teaching grammar about conditional sentences I always think how do students understand and distinguish between types of conditional sentences and how to do exercises related to high achieving conditional sentences such as what kind of condition is it ?; what kind of tenses must the verbs be divided ?; when we use conditional type 1,2,3, mix conditional sentences, inverse conditional sentences, replacing if in conditional sentences ?
 2017 is the third years MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING continues to intergrate college entrance exam and high school graduation in to one. It makes my students more difficult in formatting conditional types especially in difficult form. Moreover, according to traditional teaching –learning methods, students just passively listen and note down.so grammar lessons become very boring. However, the new text book program nowadays learner is center .students can be ability to think, be creative and active.
So I boldly introduce some forms of conditional recognition and some types of exercises to help them consolidate grammar and practice effectively to achieve high results in the exam.
2.2. THE REALITY OF THE TOPIC
Though actual teaching and assessment results in grades with basic program many students understand and do homework however, the result is not as expected because the background knowledge of students is limited.
before applying two classes 12A1 and 12A5
 12A1; 
 Excellent students : 5%
 Good students : 25%
 Average students : 55%
 Weak students : 15%
 12A5 : 
 Excellent students : 4 %
 Good students : 20 %
 Average students : 56%
 Weak students : 20%
To implement this topic I will solve the following related issues:
- summary the knowledge of condition sentences in the text book
- extend other types of conditional sentences
- provide forms of objective tests of conditional sentences
2.3. PROBLEM SLOVING
2.3.1 . DEFINITION
Conditional sentences have two parts: if –clause and main- clause
Eg: if it rains, I will stay at home.
If- clause: if it rain
Main –clause : I will stay at home.
2.3.2. TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
2.3.2.1 Conditional sentences in the text book
There are three types of conditional sentences:
a. Conditional sentences : type 1
Express the actions, things that can happen at the present or the future
- FUTURE ACTIONS
If + S + simple present..+S + will/can/may/must/shall + verb in simple form[1].
 Eg : If you don’t study hard, you won’t not pass the exam.
- THÓI QUEN (HABITUAL)
If + S + simple present tense ... + simple present tense ...
If the doctor has morning office hours, he visits every patiens in the affternoon.
I usually walk to school if I have enough time.
- MỆNH LỆNH (COMMAND)
If + S + simple present tense ... + command form of verb + ...
If you go to the post Office, mail this letter for me
Please call me if you hear any thing from John.
b. Conditional sentences : type 2
Express actions, things, that are contrary to the present. 
If + S + simple past+ would/could/should/might + verb in simple form[1]
Eg. If I were you, I would choose this job
c. Conditional sentences: type 3
Express actions, things that are contrary to the past.
If + S + past perfect+ would/could/should/might + have + verb past participle[1]
Eg: If I had known you were ill yesterday I would have met you.
2.3.3. Other expressions of conditional sentences.
2.3.3.1. “Or”[2]
Eg. Keep silent or you will wake the baby up.
2.3.3.2. “When”
Eg. I will call you when I go home.
2.3.3.3. “Without” [2]
Eg. Without the sun, man would live in the darkness.
2.3.3.4. “Unless”
Eg. Unless you work hard, you will fail the exam.
2.3.3.5. Supposed (that) / Supposing (that) [2]
 Provided (that) / Providing (that)
Eg. Supposed that he were in Hanoi now, I would visit him.
2.3.3.6. On condition that[2]
Eg. I will help you on condition that you help me.
2.3.3.7. Assuming[2]
Eg. Assuming you went to Britain, what place would you want to visit first?
2.3.3.8. If only
Eg. If only I were 10 cm taller, I would become to model.
2.3.3.9. The usage will,would, could, should, in some other cases.[3]
Normal theseauxiliary verbs do not use if in conditional clause of conditional sentences. However, there are some exceptions:
- If you (will/would): using in polite requests. Would is more polite than will
 If you will/would wait for a moment
 I will go and see if Mr Conner is here. 
- If + Subject + Will/Would: express volunteerism 
If he will listen to me, I can help him.
 Will express the stubbornness
If you will turn on the music loudly so late tonight, no wonder why your neighbours complain. 
- If you could: express a polite request surely the listener will agree
 If you could open your book, please.
 If + Subject + should + ..... + command
If you should find any difficulty in using that TV, please call me
2.3.3.10. if uses in other cases.[3]
If... then: 
If she can’t come to us, then we will have to go and see her. 
If uses in logical inference(not conditional sentences): 
If you want to learn a musical instrument, you have to practice.
If you did not do much maths at school, you will find economics difficult to understand.
If that was Marry, why didn’t she stop and say hello.
If... should = If... happen to... = If... should happen to... express uncertainty
If you should happen to pass a supermarket, perhaps you could get some eggs. 
If.. was/were to...express untrue condiion or imagination.
If our boss was/were to come in now (= if the boss came in now), we would be in real trouble.
What would we do if I was/were to lose my job 
or express a polite request 
If you were to move your chair a bit, we could all sit down. 
Note: this structure is not permitted with static verbs or mental states 
Correct: If I knew her name, I would tell you.
Incorrect: If I was/were to know... 
If it + to be + not + for:
The present tense
If it wasn’t/weren’t for the children, that couple wouldn’t have any thing to talk about.  
The past simple
If it hadn’t been for your help, I don’t know what to do. 
Not sometimes adds to the verbs after if to express uncertainty 
 I wonder if we shouldn’t ask the doctor to look at Mary. 
It would... if + subject + would... (don’t use in writing) 
It would be better if they would tell every body in advance. 
How would we feel if this would happen to our family.
If...’d have...’d have: uses in spoken language .it expresses a condition that can not happen in the past 
If I’d have known, I’d have told you. 
If she’d have recognized him it would have been funny. 
If + preposition + noun/verb... (subject + be is omitted) 
If in doubt, ask for help. (= If you are in doubt, ...) 
If about to go on a long journey, try to have a good nights sleep. (= If you are about to go on... ) 
If uses with some words as any/anything/ever/not to express negative 
There is little if any good evidence for flying saucers. 
(There is little evidence, if there is any at all, for flying saucers)        
I’m not angry. If anything, I feel a little surprised. 
This expression also expresses the testimony
I’d say he was more like a father, if anything
He seldom if ever travel abroad.
Usually, if not always, we write “cannot” as one word 
If + Adjective = although . (meaning is not strong although)
        His style, if simple, is pleasant to read.       
 The profits, if little lower than last year’s, are still extremely wealthy 
 This structure can be replaced by may..., bus
 His style may be simple, but it is pleasant to read.
2.3.3.11. Reversible forms of condition sentences
Type 1:
If-clause = Should + S (+not) + V(bare-inf.)
Eg. If he has money, he will buy a new car.
à Should he have money, he will buy a new car.
 If Linda does not do her homework, she will be punished.
à Should Linda not do her homework, she will be punished.
Type 2:
If-clause = Were + S (+not) + to V
Eg. If he knew the answer, he would tell you.
à Were he to know the answer, he would tell you.
 If I were you, I would go abroad for studying.
à Were I you, I would go abroad for studying.
Type 3:
If-clause = Had + S (+ not) + P2
Eg. If they had not gone to Huong pagoda by coach, they would not have got carsick.
à Had they not gone to Huong pagoda by coach, they would not have got carsick.
2.4. Extended conditional sentences.[4]
According to extended conditional sentences English has two main types of conditional sentencs. They are assumption conditional sentences and expression conditional sentences.
2.4.1. Expression conditional sentences
2.4.1.1. If – clause
Adverbials of time
Tense of verbs
Present simple or future 
Present simple tense
Present progressive 
Present progressive tense or present simple tense
Present perfect
Present perfect tense or present perfect progressive tense
Past simple
Past simple tense
Past progressive
Past progressive tense
Past perfect
Past perfect tense or past perfect progressive tense
Eg. If it does not rain tomorrow, 
 If my mother is at home now, 
 If he is living in London at present, 
 If John was in the theatre yesterday, 
 If she has been learning English for seven years, 
2.4.1.2. Main clause
 - Auxiliary : WILL / CAN
 - Verb in the infinitive after auxiliary WILL: 
	+ present simple / future 	à bare infinitive
	+ present progressive	à be V-ing
	+ present perfect / past simple / past perfect à have PII 
	+ past progressive / persent perfect progressive / past perfect progressive
	à have been V-ing
Eg. If it does not rain tomorrow, we will go swimming.
 If my mother is at home now, she will be cooking dinner.
 If he is living in London at present, he will be working as an engineer.
 If John was in the theatre yesterday, he will not go there again today.
 If she has been learning English for seven years, she will have spoken this language fluently.
2.4.2. Assumption conditional sentences
2.4.2.1. If-clause
Adverbials of time
Tense of verbs
Present simple or future 
Past simple tense
Present progressive 
Past progressive tense or past simple tense
Present perfect
Past perfect tense or past perfect progressive tense
Past simple
Past perfect tense
Past progressive
Past perfect progressive tense
Eg. If there were no air, 
 If I were you, 
 If he were staying at home now,  
 If they had been living here for 6 years now, 
 If we had not gone to Huong pagoda by coach yesterday, 
2.4.2.2. Main – clause
- Auxiliary WOULD / COULD
- Verb in the infinitive after auxiliary WOULD: 
	+ present simple / future 	à bare infinitive
	+ present progressive	à be V-ing
	+ present perfect / past simple / past perfect à (have PII) 
	+ past progressive / persent perfect progressive / past perfect progressive
	à have been V-ing
If there were no air, no species would exist.
 If I were you, I would make friend with her.
 If he were staying at home now, he would be watching his favourite football matches.
 If they had been living here for 6 years now, they would have had a lot of friends.
 If we had not gone to Huong pagoda by coach yesterday, we would not have got carsick.
2.5. FORMS OF OBJECTIVE TEST OF CONDITIONAL TEST
2.5.1. Choose the best answer by circling A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences. .[5]
1. If I hungry now, I..five sandwiches, but I’m not.
A. am – can eat	B. were – can eat	
C. were – could eat	D. were – will eat
2. What would you do if you ..a lottery.
A. win	B. will win 	C. won 	D. had won
3. If you.a millionaire, you might be happy.
A. became	B. will become	C. become	D. had became
4. If you had tried your best, youthe job.
A, will get	B. got	C. had got	D. would have got
5. If he now, he..the rush hour.
A. leaves / missed	B. leaves / will miss
C. leaves / would miss	D. left	/ missed
6. If I..in his shoes, I ..the Browns.
A. am / wouldn’t invite	B. were / wouldn’t invite
	C. were / won’t invite	D. would be/ invite
7. If he..late, he would have caught his bus.
A. worked	B. has worked	C. had not worked	 D. would work
8. It ............................... quicker if you use a computer.
A. will be	B. would be	C. were	D.been 
9. If I knew his address, I ................................. round and see him.
A. go	B. will go	C. would go	D. went
10. If we want to get higher salary, we.harder.
A. work	B. would work	C. worked	D. must work
11, without your help ,I ..............the technical problem with my computer the other day.[6]
A. wouldn’t solve B. Couldn’t have solved
C. could solve D. Can’t solved
12. If I were him, I..somebody for help
A. asked	B. would ask	C. will ask	 D. had asked
13. If you fell, you.yourself.
A. would hurt	B. are hurting	C. will hurrt	D. hurt.
14. What ..you do if you stop this work?
A. would	B. do	C. are	D. will.
15. If I .. time, I’ll help you
 A. have	B. had	C. had had	D. will have
16. If I found a wallet in the street, I .take it to the police.
A. will	B. should	C. would	D. B and C
17. What would you do if you . a million pounds?
A. win	B. won	C. will win	D. A and C
18. If Ken .. the train, he would have been late for his interview.
 A. missed	B. has missed	C. miss	D. had missed
19. It ............................. be a pity if she married Fred.
 A. will	B. would	C. can 	D. may
20. I know I’ll feel better if I .................................. smoking.
 A. will stop	B. stopped	C.stop	D. had stopped
21. I  that coat if I .you.
 A. wouldn’t buy/ were	B. didn’t buy/ were
 C. don’t buy/ am	D. won’t buy/ am
22. If the driver in front  so suddenly, the accident wouldn’t have happened
 A. hasn’t stopped	B. hadn’t stopped	C. didn’t stop	D. don’t stop
23. If I  a lot of money now, I  .....a new car.
 A. have/ will buy	B. have/ would buy	
 C. had/ will buy 	 D. had/ would buy
24. If you .here yesterday, you me.
 A. were/ would meet	B. had been/ would meet	
 C. were/ would have met	D. had been/would have been
25. If I find it, I  you.
 A. will tell	B. shall tell	C. would tell	D. A and B
26. If I  you were in hospital, I  to see you.
	A. know/ will go	B. knew/ would go	
C. had known/ would have gone 	D. all are incorrect
27. You are late. If you  a few minutes earlier, you  him.
A. came / would meet	B. had come / would have met 
 C. come / will meet	D. had come / would meet
28. I’d have gone swimming yesterday afternoon if I  time.
A. had	B. have had	C. had had	 D. would have had
29. If you didn’t do this, you  punished.
A. are	B. will be	C. should	D. would be
30. If he had told me the truth, I  him.
A. will not punish	 B. would not have punished 
 C. would not punis D.would have not punished
31. “What do you think about the U.S?”
“If I had known it was so industrialized, I  come here”
A. would never have	B. would never	C. will never D. have been
32. If they had not given me advice, I  again.
A. would have failed 	B. would fail	
C. would have been failed	D. wouldn’t fail
33. If I  a scholarship to England, my parents would be very proud of me.
A. get	B. got	C. had got	D. will get
34. Bill  more photographs if he  more film.
A. would take / had had	B. would have taken / had
C. would take / has had