Solution to the presenting and practicing vocabulary

MAP BOOK
SOLUTION TO THE PRESENTING AND PRACTICING VOCABULARY.
A – INTRODUCTION
1. General instruction:
 Nowadays English becomes an effective medium of international communication and English teaching method is changing to meet the learners’ need.
 In order to gain some achievements in teaching English to pupils in upper secondary schools, we must pay much attention to the method of teaching. The ways of teaching are various but they depend on the teachers and also on students even on items and on grammatical items.
 Vocabulary is necessary for understanding and communicating. The biggest purpose of teaching foreign language is that students have amount of useful words. In each lesson we have to present and practice them and also show their meaning, using. 
 I'd like to give some my experiences of presenting and practicing vocabulary that I have used during my teaching since I started working as an English teacher and I have gained from my friends and colleagues. I think it has some certain useful ideas. Besides I want to give some exercises and games that I think they are good and useful for both students and teachers. I hope my ideas will stimulate students in learning especially students of 11th grade
 In this essay I should like to express special thanks to all of my friends and colleagues who provided me with their own experiences which I could fulfill this.
2. The objects of research:
All the learners of 11th, 12th grades at Dong Son 1 upper secondary school. 
3. The scope of research:
 I will present some suitable ways of presenting and practicing vocabulary that are presented in 10, 11, 12 new text books. .(Advanced English)
4. The method of presenting:	
I’ve been a teacher for several years, so I have gained some experiences from teaching English at school. I share my experiences through observing my colleagues' lessons and having discussions with them. I also read reference books, magazines and newspapers concerning teaching methods. 
5. Plan to fulfill:
 My essay will be worked from 215 -2006 to 2016 -2017 school years
B – CONTENT
1. The reason for choosing the topic. 
2. The rules of presenting vocabulary
 Vocabulary which we want to present must be active
 Vocabulary which we want to present must appear frequently in contexts. 
 Vocabulary which we want to present must have at least two meanings.
 Vocabulary which we want to present must be received from students’ textbooks.
3. The ways of presenting and teaching vocabulary.
 Presenting vocabulary by showing real objects 
 Presenting vocabulary by showing pictures or flamsh card
 Presenting vocabulary by drawing
 Presenting vocabulary by miming, using actions and facial expressions 
 Presenting vocabulary by giving synonyms or antonyms 
 Presenting vocabulary by giving rooted word 
 Presenting vocabulary by giving word to the topic
 Presenting vocabulary by giving examples
 Presenting vocabulary by translating into Vietnamese
Presenting vocabulary by combining different techniques
4. Presenting vocabulary on board:
Arrange vocabulary according to the kinds of word 
Arrange vocabulary according to the themes of word
Arrange vocabulary according to the use of word
5. Some useful exercises used for practicing vocabulary
6. Some useful practical activities and games to help teaching vocabulary
C - CONCLUSION
 Effect of the theme. 
D - REFERENCE BOOKS
CONTENT
1. The reason for choosing the topic.
According to the importance of using vocabulary in communication and some certain contexts of English native speakers, we can find out the specific features of teaching vocabulary. During my teaching years, I have found that my pupils rarely learn new words. It is the lack of the new words, the ineffective ways of learning and the presenting of the teachers that make students hardly communicate or use the new words incorrectly. 
Moreover, in the new text book for 10th grade has presenting vocabulary part for each lesson. To get an effective lesson, students have to understand the new words' meaning, their pronunciation and usage. The teacher has to choose the most suitable skills for some kinds of words in order to help students remember and use them easily.
For all the above reasons I think we should pay attention to the methods of teaching them and help pupils get over their difficulties. 
2. The rules of presenting vocabulary
2. 1. Vocabulary which we want to present must be active.
 Words which students will need to understand and also use themselves. We call this active vocabulary in teaching active vocabulary. In teaching active vocabulary, it is usually worth spending time giving examples and asking questions, so that students can really see how the word is used.
Words which we want students to understand, but they will not need to use themselves. We call this passive vocabulary. To save time, it is often best to present it quite quickly, with a simple example . If it appears as part of a text or dialogue, we can often leave students to guess the word from the context.
2. 2. Vocabulary which we want to present must appear frequently in context.
2. 3. Vocabulary which we want to present must have at least two meanings.
2. 4. Vocabulary which we want to present must be received from students’ textbooks
3. The ways of presenting and teaching vocabulary.
Teacher has to present form , meaning and use of new word. 
3. 1. Presenting vocabulary by showing real objects
For suitable vocabulary, it is effective method: it is direct, it is interesting, and it makes an impression on the class. We can use all the things we have in our class or around us: furniture, clothes, parts of body...
Example: “Unit 2 -People's background” [2]
We can show the portrait of Uncle Ho hanged on the wall in each class and ask student to talk about Uncle Ho's background. Of course, not all words can be presented in this way. Vocabulary should only be presented visually if it can be done quickly, easily and clearly.
3. 2. Presenting vocabulary by showing pictures or flashcard:
These pictures must be prepared before the lesson. They must be clear enough for students to realize easily.
Example: “Unit 5 – Technology and you” [2]
We can use pictures to present different words used in computing and telephoning such as: screen, keyboard, printer, mouse, floppy disk, USB drive, web cam. 
3. 3. Presenting vocabulary by drawing: 
Not only give the meaning but also explain the differences between meanings 
Example 1: To teach the meaning of "bush" and "tree", we can draw the simple picture on the blackboard.
 tree bush
Example 2: To teach the meaning of some words related to shape, we can draw the simple picture on the blackboard.
Triangle
Round shape
Square
Domed shape
Oblong/ rectangle
 This method takes little time, but it achieves more and is more interesting.
3. 4. Presenting vocabulary by miming, using actions and facial expressions :
Most action verbs(ski, cycle, kick, score, skip, jog...), some adjectives(happy, worried, ill....)
3. 5. Presenting vocabulary by giving synonyms or antonyms: 
Example: 
“Break into tears(v) = begin to cry(v)” [1]
“indifferent = having no interest” [1]
“smart = clever; intelligent” [1]
“literate = can read and write” [1]
“competitor =contestant” [1]
“object to sb = protest” [1]
“keep in touch = communicate with sb” [2]
“Rely on = depend on” [1]
“Renowned as/ for sth = famous” [1]
“Honest >< dishonest” [1]
“Well- dressed> < casually dressed” [3]
3. 6. Presenting vocabulary by giving rooted word: 
Example: 	
“Purity(n)/ pure(adj)/ purely(adv)/ purify(v)” [1]
“prosperity(n)/ prosperous(adj)/ prosper(v)/ prosperously(adv)” [1]
 “profit(n)/ profitable(adj)/ profitably(adv)/ profit(v)” [1]
“explode(v)/ explosion(n) ” [1]
“space(n)/ spacy(n)/ spacious(adj)/ space man(n)/ spaceship(n)” [1]
3. 7. Presenting vocabulary by giving word to the topic(use network):
When students come across a new word, they are likely to be interested in learning other related words, and this presents a natural oppotunity for vocabulary development. This is sometimes called "vocabulary expansion"
Example : Friendship [1]
CHARACTER
 APPEARANCE
 Suggested answers: Appearances: tall/ slim/ fat/ short/ dimples 
 Characters: vicious/ timid/ shy/ direct/ imbecile.
Example: Volunteer work and literacy programs [1]
VOLUNTEER
 WORK 
Suggested answers:
 - Repairing a country road
 - Playing games with children in the countryside
 - Teaching street children
 - Conducting literacy classes for adults, remedial classes for weak
 students
3. 8. Presenting vocabulary by giving examples:
Another way to show what words mean is by giving an example, using the word in a context.
It is not necessary to give a complicated explaination; the meaning can be shown by simple sentences. This can be done by making statements using the word or by imagining an example. A good example should clearly show the meaning of the word to someone who does not know it already. Examples are especially useful for showing the meaning of abstract words.
3. 9. Presenting vocabulary by translating into Vietnamese:
We only use this way when vocabulary are abstract noun.
Example: 	Haunt(v): ám ảnh
Make offerings to sb:Dâng lễ vật cho ai [1]
Hallucinate(v): Bị ảo giác [1]
However, instead of translating into Vietnamese, we should use some ways above and check by asking students to repeat their meanings in Vietnamese. 
3. 10. Presenting vocabulary by combining different techniques:
Combination of techniques can be used to show the meaning of a word. Each technique is quick enough to take little time
Example 1: Skip(v) 	- picture on board(interesting, student remember it)
 	- facial expression(give meaning clearly)
4. Presenting vocabulary on board:
Presenting vocabulary depends on the type of lesson. We have to choose the suitable ways of presenting . It plays an important role in practicing vocabulary. It helps students remember vocabulary logically, and distinguish kinds of word easily. 
 4. 1. Arrange vocabulary according to the kinds of word
 	In a lesson which has nouns, verbs, adjectives.... we should divide the new words into small groups
- participants (n)	- picturesque (adj) 
- left - overs (n) 	- crowed (adj) 
- destination (n)	- historic (adj) 
- factor (n)	- sunburntn (adj) 
- charity (n)	- Botanical Garden (adj) 
4. 2. Arrange vocabulary according to the themes of word:
Example: Film and cinema [2]
Art
Music
Movie
Painter
Composer
Western
Portrait
Musical
Performance
Exhibition
Musician
Adventure
Art gallery
Performance
Action
Masterpiece
Concert
Cast
Jazz
Scriptwriter
4. 3. Arrange vocabulary according to the use of word (or the way which they combine)
Example: Space conquest [1]
Space
Man
Ship
Shuttle
Air
Sick
Line
Bed suit
5. Some useful exercises used for practicing vocabulary
After understanding the word's meaning, we should provide some exercises for students to help them grasp fully through class activities.
This kind of exercise is used in combination with practicing other skills such as: listening, speaking.....
5. 1. Total physical Response (Phản ứng toàn thân)
Teacher asks student to do what he orders. This exercise is suitable for the new learners
Example: 
 T: Stand up.
 S: (Thực hiện hành động đứng lên)
 T: Sit down
 S: (Thực hiện hành động ngồi xuống)
5. 2. Group the words according to their topics:
Example: Celebration [1]
+ Celebrations: 	Vietnamese national Day
 	King Hung’s Death Anniversary
 	Valentine’s Day
+ Activities:	decorating home
Planning parties
Shopping for gifts
Preparing foods
Making offerings to ancestors
Watching firework displays
..
+ Symbols of these celebrations
Peach blossoms/ Square cake/ five-fruit tray/ parallels
Banh chung/ banh day
Chocolate/ flowers
Mask/ moon cake/ fruits
Large meal with roast turkey
5. 3. Matching exercise:
Example 1: Friendship [1]
Match the word in A with their definitions in Vietnamese in B
A
B
1.Athletic
a. dè dặt
2. reserved
b. cảm thông
3. enthusiastic
c. đúng giờ
4. practical
d. bàng quan
5. sensitive
e. khỏe mạnh
6. dynamic
f. bảo thủ
7. punctual
g. nhiệt tình
8. indifferent
h. nhạy cảm
9. sympathetic
i. năng động
10. conservative
j. thực tế
5. 4. Group the related words:
Example: Space conquest [1]
SPACE EXPLORATION
People
Equipment
Country
Other
Yuri Gagarin
Spacesuit
USA
NASA
Suggested answer: 	- People: Yuri Gagarin, Neil Armstrong, Pham Tuan
- country: USA, Russia, China..
- Equipment: spacesuit, oxygen, special boots.
..
5. 5. Checking vocabulary - Gap filling
Example 1: Complete each sentence with one of the words you have learnt
It is bad. To talk with your mouthful.
Please.. from smoking.
The purpose of a party is to bring together a group of people in a atmosphere.
They were filled with anger because such behavior was totally. I a civilized society.
After my mother has finished washing the dishes, she often put the  in the drawer.
As soon as we arrived, they gave us useful advice on
When you come to our country, there are some Vietnamese table manners that you should..
 Expected answer: 	1. Manners	2. Refrain	3. Congenial
4. unacceptable	5. cutlery	6. etiquette	7. observe
Example 2: Give Ss handouts and ask them to work in pairs, complete the sentences, using the words just learned.
1. The competition attracted over 500 contestants10 different Countries.
2. The band will be playing at twenty different.. on their UK tour.
3. The meeting was.. by 90% of shareholders.
4. The dove is.. of peace.
5. The spirit of the Asian Games has been up over a long period of time.
6. These graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly.. market.
7. The 2002 World Cup was. By two nations, Japan and South Korea.
Expected answer:	1. representing	2. venues	3. attended
4. symbolic	5. built	6. competitive	7. hosted
5. 6. Checking vocabulary- Listening and sequencing
Draw this table on the board
ORIGINAL
DUPLICATE
COLLECT
TAKE UP
1
RESULT(from sth)
EXPERTISE
PROSPERITY
COLLECTOR
Have Ss listen and number the correct word in the order of meanings they hear.
1.learn or start to do sth, especially for pleasure
2. one of two or more things that are the same in every detail.
3. expert knowledge or skill in a particular subject, activity or job
4. happen because of sth else that happened first
5. the state of being successful, especially finally.
6. a person who collects things, either as a hobby or as a job.
7. a document, work of art produced from the first time, from which copies are later made
8. buy or find things of a particular type and keep them as a hobby
Expected answer: 	1. take up	2. duplicate	3. expertise	4. result
5. prosperity	6. collector	7. original	8. collect
5. 7. Teach some vocabulary items through a multiple choice task
1. The market research on the demand for space tourist
a. equipment	b. need	c. request
2. .the first research was conducted in Japan.
a. carried out	b. indicated	c. investigated
3. This survey revealed that..
a. showed	b. proved	c. proposed
4. NASA is sponsoring a project
a. working on	b. supporting financially	c. preparing
5. Wimberley Allison Tong & Goo envisages a hotel..
a. builds	b. constructed	c. imagines
6. Passengers might be ferried to and from it by..
a. transported	b. led	c. required
7. Space will provide vast new frontier for the adventurous to explore.
a. enjoy	b. travel	c. examine
Expected answer:	1. B	2. A	3. A	4. B	5. C	6. A	7. C	
6. Some useful practical activities and games to help teaching vocabulary 
6. 1 .World knowledge quiz 
Divide Ss into two groups, A and B. Ask these group take turn to answer the question. With one correct answer, scores one point
1. It’s a multi-cultural country which borders Malaysia.
2. This is an island country whose capital is Manila.
3. The Statue of Liberty is located in this country.
4. This country owns a famous architectural building: The Opera House.
5. This country has many world famous football clubs like Manchester United, Liverpool, Arsenal and Chelsea.
6. In this country, there is a beautiful structure regarded as a symbol of eternal love: The Taj Mahal
7. It’s a big country to the north of the USA
8. It’s an island country in the southern hemisphere and is the home of the flightless Kiwi
Expected answer:	1. Singapore	2. The Philippines	3. The USA	
4. Australia	5. Great Britain	6. India	
7. Canada	8. New Zealand
6. 2. Guessing game:
Example: Unit 9- Nature in danger
Ask students work in groups.
Provide three clues about the word Survive and ask students to guess the word. 
If students guess the word in the first clue, they get 30 points, 20 points in the second clue and 10 points in the third clue.
1. It means “continue to exist or live”.
2. It has 7 letters.
3. It begins with letter S 
6. 3. Hangman
Divide Ss into groups of 4
Suggest the number of letters of the words describing parts of the body and the five senses with short dashes on the boards
2
3
4
5
6
1
7
8
Ask students to guess the letter of the word. If the students have wrong guesses the teacher will make a dash like the following drawing. If Ss’ guesses are wrong for eight times, give the words. 
6. 4. Jumbled words
Divide the class into small groups.
Give each group one card containing 7 words whose letters are jumbled. All the words are about fitness activities that students often do to stay in shape.
Ask students to rearrange the letters to make good words.
The group which finishes the task first with the most correct word will be the winner.
Tyeuba
Beauty
Itpury
Purity
Uiqilydsaf
Disqualify
Oralm
Moral
Aeebitle
Celibate
einismft
Feminist
rpeaperaanc
appearance
6. 5. Crossword
Example: Volunteer work and literacy programs [1]
Divide class into two team solving the crossword about volunteer works and literacy programs. Ask Ss to give hints for each line.
The team giving answering signal first will have the right to answer , if wrong, the other team will answer. For each right answer in cross line, the team will get marks. And the team finding the correct answer for the down line will get 20 marks
The team with higher mark will be the winner
1. This stands for United Nation Volunteers
2. They help the .to improve their living standard.
3. They carried out many programs to help children to read and write.
4. In Vietnam,  usually go to hardship areas to help the people there.
5. Their was developed through such works.
6. They.. English for children who is not able to go to school.
7,9. They often go to .and. areas to help poor people.
8. They help.. children find suitable jobs 
U
N
V
P
O
O
R
L
I
T
E
R
A
C
Y
S
T
U
D
E
N
T
S
F
R
I
E
N
S
H
I
P
T
E
A
C
H
R
E
M
O
T
E
 S 
T
R
E
E
T
R
U
R
A
L
Vertical line: VOLUNTEER
6. 6. Matching:
Example: “Unit 7- Celebration” [1]
Break the words into 2 parts and tell students to close the book.
Ask students to work in pairs and match the word in A with the one in B to make new words they have learned
A
B
1. Youth
A .expenses
2. total
b. party
3.farewell
C .anniversary
4. founding
d. Union
Expected answer: 1.d	2. a	3. b	4.c
6. 7. Rub out and remember
Write all the new words on the board in two columns; English and Vietnamese equivalents.
Rub out all the new words in English column and ask students to look at the Vietnamese column to write down or read aloud the rubbed ones.
6. 8. Slap the board
Write or put the words on the board.
Have students or two teams of students to stand at an equal distance from the board. 
Call out one of the words in English in loud voice, the two students must run forward and slap the word on the board. The one who slaps the correct word first will be the winner. If students play in teams, the scores will be added up and the win