SKKN Some useful methods of teaching and testing vocabulary English courses in Primary

A. INTRODUCTION
I. The reasons why to choose the topics:
	The way the views of the Party and State have identified the goal of education is to train people to meet the comprehensive requirements of the country - industrialization and modernization. In particular, foreign language - English is one language serves as a means to actively support the most effective process of deeper integration of the country. So improve the quality of education in general and the quality of English in particular is one of the top concerns of the kammazxy education today. And that is more than special attention to subjects that primary students - beginners access to foreign languages.
	Whether at school, grade school, the teaching and learning of English, vocabulary is one of three components of the knowledge of the language system and serves as a vehicle, conditions of formation and development of skills tiep. Tu vocabulary communication skills can be considered as the most important part because it is the means used to express ideas and there is also a bridge between the skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. In any language, the role of vocabulary is also very important. Can find a language is a set of vocabulary. Can not understand the language without understanding the vocabulary, or through the lexical units. But that does not mean that only understand the individual lexical units, independent of each other that can only be mastered through language dialectical relationship between the lexical units. So learning the vocabulary and practice using vocabulary skills is the leading factor in the transmission of language and acquire a general and English in particular. Since vocabulary is a language units it is expressed in two forms: verbal and written. Want to use the language, that is to master the form of expression of verbal and written. But because there was a relationship of words with other elements in the language (grammar, phonetics, intonation ...) or in social situations. Without the necessary vocabulary, the school can not use the sentence structure and the function of language in communication.
	To do that, teachers are forced to create diversity in the activities during the school day. That is why teachers need to select and coordinate the teaching methods and techniques from a flexible and flexible way to maintain the ability to focus on less capital in primary pupils. How can create an atmosphere for children learning fun and effective relaxation which is what I wonder, concern. How to get rich vocabulary tactic effectively for elementary school students. Stemming from the above reasons I was thinking, and choosing topics :“Some useful methods of teaching and testing vocabulary English courses in Primary"
II. Research purposes.
	Focused research topics using the techniques and methods of teaching vocabulary for elementary school students. On that basis, give some technical proposals to improve the efficiency of the use of vocabulary in communicative situations.
	Improving the quality of teaching and learning of English in primary schools
	Raising of pedagogical itself.
	Applying the correct and scientific techniques in classes taught English at primary aims:
- Create excitement passionate student learning.
- Bring out the desire to engage in activities to learn, explore, experiment by students.
- Help students to actively implement learning activities.
- Helps students focus.
- Create conditions for student learning, and play.
- Help them reappear, codified knowledge easiest way.
- Improving the quality of teaching and learning English in general and fostering good student of English primary school in particular.
III. Research subjects:
- Audience research is students in grades 3, 4, 5 are studying the English class of 3,4 and 5 of the Vietnam Education Publishing.
- Introduction of methods and techniques for teaching vocabulary English Primary students.
- Launched a number of measures to improve the quality of teaching.
IV. Research Methods:
- Get experience through the research process.
- Research Methodology document, expected time colleague, test, compare and compare learning outcomes of students.
- Formalized topics and vocabulary exercises form through documents and textbooks.
- Conducting a survey on the quality of students through regular inspections and student performance, good at English at school.
- The method of investigation, field survey, gathering information.
- Statistical methodology, data processing.
- Research Methodology teaching language theory
- Research and teaching methods from the last piles of documents, online, on said display.
B. CONTENT EXPERIENCE INITIATIVE
I. Justification of experience initiatives.
	Like as other languages in the world, want to communicate with it, requires us to have a vocabulary. Because vocabulary is an indispensable component of the language, which is used for communication activities. In English we can not train and develop the four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing of students that are not based on the foundation of vocabulary. Indeed without the necessary capital, they will not hear of it and consequently is unable to speak, read and write well not be undone, whether you have mastered the form.
	Recognizing the importance of this, today all the methods applied in lectures teach them focus on teaching vocabulary. And start learning the English language is always associated with learning vocabulary. On the other hand, as we already know, learning and proficient use of the target language vocabulary plays an important role in the process of teaching and learning any foreign language. Vocabulary knowledge is a tool to help students with the ability to set and communicate successfully. 
	Currently in primary school English teaching and learning going on, along with innovation education methods, in order to match the perceptions of students, help students get access to the content. English vocabulary in the curriculum is also used in line with the overall development of the social and psychological characteristics of students.This requires each teacher to use, versatile, flexible methods and techniques of teaching to meet the needs and different learning conditions in the locality. Moreover, the supply of funds from 
subjects, themes. How to give students a rich vocabulary and thereby help them to shape and develop the capacity to use English as a communication tool. That is a big question to be answered in order to improve the quality of learning of students Elementary vocabulary.
II. Research Situation:
1. The real state: 
	In the language schemes of the Ministry of Education 2008-2020, specific objectives of the program is English primary school after finishing grade, students can:
- Students must achieve level A1
- There is a vocabulary of 500-700 words including language oral and pen.
- Students can apply learned vocabulary in simple communication situations through the four skills of listening, speaking, reading, writing mainly on writing and speaking, listening and speaking.
- There is minimal knowledge of the English language, and through English with initial insights about the country, culture and people of the English-speaking countries.
- Have a positive attitude towards learning English.
- Formation of a way how to learn English effectively, provide the basis for learning other languages in the future.
To achieve this goal is not simple truth by many reasons:
	In our country today, the teaching and learning of English in schools takes place in the communication environment of teachers and students, there are many limitations: Teachers read and list the words in the teachers had never appeared in the teaching process called new words, then scored all teachers both new words up on the board, explaining that by Vietnamese and for them to read it several times. Getting the children memorize new words to check in later lessons. Thus making them boring and pressure. 	
	In addition, there are other factors which affect the process of enriching vocabulary Elementary students as:
- The feeling uncomfortable, tense or distracted, confused because the abstract concept difficult to understand the rules of grammar and how to apply them.
- The operation requires us to focus attention in a long time.
- Boredom.
- The teachers too much to fix.
More:
- Lack of funds to organize the actual exchange activities for students to practice their vocabulary.
- Because most students are shy, lack confidence, afraid to pronounce, practice communication. Additionally, syllable structure of language is quite different, so the ability to remember words, sentence structure .. Their limited.
- Elementary students are very active, so easy to lose focus on teaching new languages to the children faced many difficulties.
- Lack of much needed resources to help them understand the culture of English-speaking countries.
- Lack of real environment so students can participate in activities meaningful communication in English.
- Lack of funding for additional school supplies.
- Many parents especially parents in rural areas do not see the importance of language learning should not care about this subject.
Specific :
	From the 2003-2004 school year elementary school Ha Tien I officially put into teaching English courses in schools. But English subjects than other subjects such as Mathematics, Vietnamese ... not yet parents and students realize the importance; Students are still neglected, ignored, parents were not interested. They only emotional excitement, eager to receive the beginner days. The more you learn, the harder, less ability to remember vocabulary, leading to poor child's vocabulary gradually while complex grammar gradually, leading to student ratio low favorite subjects.
	On the other hand, the amount of time devoted to this subject is too small, only 2 more per week, in which teachers have to teach all of the cages as introducing new language (new words, new phrases), the practical speaking, listening .. just one more so it is difficult for teachers to teach vocabulary carefully.
	About programs and textbooks:
	Although textbooks have very modern, beautiful form, presenting clear, eye-catching images. Lessons thematic structure, close to the daily life for the purpose of monitoring the needs of their excitement. But the program taught in a school are using multiple types of books, a variety of programs (old, new). Therefore, the study of teachers' difficulties, not depth.
	In terms of content, in a lesson is divided into several lessons, combining the teaching of vocabulary, grammar and practice both. The distribution of knowledge and the transfer to the students, teachers face many difficulties
2. The result, the efficiency of the states :
	From this situation leads to although primary school teachers and students of Ha Tien I had a lot of quality attempt but reached no higher discipline. Speaking and writing English is low, because the ability to remember and use vocabulary modest student, students use the word embarrassed when asking, written words are inaccurate, misspelled much. ....
	Table initial states investigation 2015-2016 school year at the elementary school Ha Tien I as follows:
Grade
Number pupil
 Mark 9, 10
Mark 7,8
Mark 5,6
Mark bellow 5
3 
42
4
15
18
5
4
34
3
9
16
6
5
36
3
9
16
8
Therefore, although very difficult, but we must recognize that learning English at the moment is the beginning of building the basic foundation of knowledge for students, are necessary conditions for them to carry step up to the higher levels of education. Therefore, teaching and learning English in primary school is a very interesting problem. To solve that problem, teachers should create rich form of teaching, diversity.In which the application of good techniques and methods taught is one of the forms of attracting more students to participate in learning and provides highly effective in increasing the capital from them. Teachers must have the appropriate teaching methods for each lesson. Now with the modern equipment we can apply creativity to make many interesting ways to teach vocabulary, effective and attractive, creating a diverse playground colorful in English.With the size of the subject I have no ambition and not enough to make all the way to teach vocabulary in English, but only wish to vocabulary teaching methods will help students learn effectively and do not feel pressure when learning vocabulary. How to introduce and test the vocabulary that they feel excited but still effective.
	Through the process of my teaching provide some methods of teaching, test and learn vocabulary in English that I find effective and inspire students, "Some useful methods of teaching and testing vocabulary English courses in Primary"
III. Solutions and implementation.
1. The solution
1.1. Defining the role of the teacher:
	The teaching must be seen as an art so need to exploit and explore innovative ways to create positive effect of high art, with perfect technique skills. To transmit knowledge but receptive gentle but effective and highly applicable.
	To make students feel comfortable, gentle, teachers try to shorten the distance between teachers and students, psychological inferiority delete "scared her" school with her and play games together as friends. No stuffing or turn students into passive but instead promote positive in each individual. For the education sector it must create a favorable environment as well as providing useful information resources, the curriculum has been carefully chosen and adapted to the age and training opportunities suitable.
Teachers need to identify:
1. How children learn vocabulary
2. Principle teaches English for Children
3. The method of teaching vocabulary
4. How to choose from to teach
5. Steps taught from
6. Technical clarify meanings of words
7. Measures to avoid forgotten.
	Teachers today have to know how to use technical means to improve teaching methods.
	Teachers are just followers, listening and noting the advantages and disadvantages of the students, said school issues naturally, avoiding student interrupted unless absolutely necessary.
1.2. Defining the role of the students:
	To identify the role of students as the center. Must exploit psychological elementary age students to help them acquire knowledge in a gentle and practiced the skills the most, that's why ho? C students need to master vocabulary as well as samples sentence needed to serve during practice communication.
	Encourage students to boldly speak English in class. Not afraid to make mistakes when it comes, may like the new you learn the lessons for themselves which will be more confident in communicating and can remember the words and longer sentences.
	To have effective teaching hours, teachers not only need to understand the appropriate time or obstacles that young, "boring", but also to grasp the learning method approach a language young. Below is the summary of how children learn language in the process of teaching that I have concluded is:
+ There are many opportunities to meet with the foreign language.
+ Contact the words, sample sentences together and put them in the clear context, closely related to each other.
+ Use all the senses of themselves, observe and imitate, follow and listen.
 + Explore, experiment, make mistakes and check their own understanding.
+ Repeated and feel confident when we establish the habit of using their newly acquired knowledge.
+ Feeling encouraged, especially when friends are school children with the same language.
1.3. Define teaching principles:
       	In English we can not train and develop the four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing of students that are not based on the foundation of vocabulary. Indeed without the necessary capital, they will not hear of it and consequently is unable to speak, read and write well not be undone, whether you have mastered the form.
	For children focus on the lesson, teachers should follow the principles of teaching for children:
- Play more than teaching, this is the method of "Teaching without teaching", teachers create diverse playground, colorful in English for students, guide students to master playground and gradually added to the active other.
- Activities, images than theory. Pictures, games, music, painting, theater ... in general activities to help students participate in English environment naturally, not forced.
- Learning more specific curriculum. The follow a certain curriculum will limit innovative capacity of both the teacher and students. Moreover, in order to diversify the activities in the classroom, learning enhancement tools is essential.
- Listen - said more than read - write. 
- Mimicking than grammar. Mimic is indispensable for children, especially in learning foreign languages. Mimic helps the learning process go faster, while including the application of vocabulary to basic sentence patterns.
- More fun for points. Classroom atmosphere lively, exciting, encouraging students to have better motor learning is the score.
2. The method of teaching vocabulary.
	As we all know, history teaching and learning English vocabulary has gone through many different methods such as: Language phapdich methods, methods of listening to Pop, methods Listening - Speaking, communication methods, etc. Each method has its own advantages and shortcomings such as:
2.1. The Method of Grammar – Translation.
	Method of Grammar - Translation has been widely used in our country for a long time and it has an undeniable advantage. That is:
- Students are trained very carefully about grammar and vocabulary acquisition is quite large.
- Students grasp relatively more basic sentence structure, memorizing the texts or paragraphs or form.
- Students can read the text quickly.
2.2. The Method of Listening – Speaking.
	Methods Listening - Speaking with the advantages of:
- There are effective for beginners, especially primary school students. Learners feel excited and confident to hear and imitate the teacher training, for example: Students work under the orders of a teacher or sing simple songs in English.
 	- Students very boring with this method without the adjustments necessary teaching methods.
- Students apply what has been perceived in the classroom into practice is a difficult language to communicate. Students can not use the language forms are practiced in class in a natural way because although students have ability to understand, remember and imitate the spot in the classroom, but they are also very quick to forget and feel embarrassed when experiencing similar situations in real communication. This suggests that although students can recall from a perfectly finished they do not understand the meaning of words and the inability to use the word in other contexts with what has been learned.
2.3. The Communication method.
	The teaching and learning vocabulary communication method is subject to the following principles:
- Teaching and learning through practice communication skills
- Learning from the past through the communication skills help students understand the meaning of easier because the communication skills of communication always context specific and vivid. On the other hand through the learning of communication skills stimulate demand for new words as a tool to develop the skills.
- Teaching and learning from the use of high frequency
	Choosing words with high frequency of use will help the school to teach from achieving greater efficiency because those words are used frequently learners in many different social situations.
- Teaching and Learning from a master
- Teaching and learning through a variety of different tips
	As noted above, teachers need to use different tactics to introduce new words or combination of proce