Chuyên đề Passive voice

 Vinh yen education and training department
 VINH YEN junior high school.
 The seminar on:
PASSIVE VOICE 
 Written by: Vũ Thị Thúy Hải
 School year: 2011 – 2012 
 1 A. INTRODUCTION
I. Reason for writing the seminar.( Lý do chọn đề tài)
Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi là một trong những nhiệm vụ trọng tâm của các nhà trường đặc 
biệt là các trường chất lượng cao. Trong chương trình tiếng Anh THCS câu bị động là 
một phần kiến thức hết sức quan trọng đối với khối 8 và khối 9, đăc biệt đây cũng là 
loại bài tập được sử dụng nhiều trong các kì thi khảo sát và thi học sinh giỏi các cấp. 
Muốn làm tốt được các bài tập về câu bị động thì học sinh cần phải nắm được các vấn 
đề liên quan đến câu chủ động , câu bị động trong tiếng Anh, chuyển từ hình thức làm 
các bài tập tự luận sang bài tập trắc nghiệm và ngược lại. Vì vậy tôi chọn đề tài “ Câu bị 
động và các dạng bài tập ” làm vấn đề nghiên cứu trong chuyên đề của mình.
II. Aims of researching.( Mục đích nghiên cứu)
 Khi viết chuyên đề này, tôi chỉ mong được góp thêm một vài ý kiến của mình về các 
vấn đề liên quan đến câu chủ động và câu bị động trong tiếng Anh giúp giáo viên có thể 
tham khảo thêm trong việc bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi cũng như trang bị thêm cho các 
em một phần kiến thức quan trọng trong chương trình tiếng Anh ở cấp THCS. 
III. Object of researching.( Đối tượng nghiên cứu)
 Trong chương trình tiếng Anh THCS, câu bị động được đưa vào giảng dạy ở khối 
8 và 9. Trong chuyên đề của mình, tôi chỉ tập trung vào một số vấn đề lý thuyết của câu 
bị động như cấu trúc, cách sử dụng,cách chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động, một số dạng 
đặc biệt trong câu bị động và một số bài tập viết, bài tập trắc nghiệm tương ứng để 
củng cố cho phần kiến thức ở trên, nhằm giúp học sinh hiểu và nắm được những kiến 
thức cơ bản và nâng cao của câu bị động trong tiếng Anh để các em có thể làm tốt các 
dạng bài tập trắc nghiệm về câu bị động trong tiếng Anh. 
IV Scope of researching.( Phạm vi nghiên cứu)
 N¨m häc 2011-2012
V. Researching methods.(Cơ sở nghiên cứu)
 Tôi nghiên cứu đề tài này dựa trên những cơ sở sau:
 - Trên cơ sở thực tế giảng dạy.
 - Một số tài liệu tham khảo về câu bị động.
 - Một số ý kiến đóng góp của đồng nghiệp. 
 3 C Empty subjects (they, people, etc) 
 . In the active sentence we can use the 'empty subject' they. We sometimes use a 
sentence with an empty subject instead of the passive, especially in conversation. 
 We can also use the empty subjects people, you, one and someone. 
 ACTIVE PASSIVE 
 People use this footpath all the time. This footpath is used all the time. 
 You/One should check the details. The details should be checked. 
 Someone took my purse. My purse was taken. 
 We use the passive in both speech and writing, but it is more common in writing. 
 We see it especially in textbooks and reports. We use it to describe activities in industry, 
science and technology, and also for official rules. 
 Bananas are exported to Europe. 
 The liquid is heated to boiling point. 
 Payment can be made at any post office. 
 Cars left here will be towed away. 
 In these situations, it is often not important to say who is doing the action, or it is 
difficult to say. The passive is also often used in news reports. 
 A number of political prisoners have been released. 
 Talks will be held in London next week. 
 III. THE FORM
 BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
 1. The present simple tense: 
 S + am / is/ are + Past Participle
 Eg:
 Active: They raise cows in Ba Vi.
 Passive: Cows are raised in Ba Vi.
 2. The past simple tense:
 S + was / were + Past Participle
 5 Eg2:
 Active : He should do his homework.
 Passive : His homework should be done.
8. WH- question:
Eg: Active: How many languages do they speak in Canada?
 Passive: How many languages are spoken in Canada?
Eg: Who wrote this novel ?
  Who was this novel written by? 
Hoặc:  By whom was this novel written?
IV. How to change from active to passive.
There are four rules that students should remember when they want to change from 
active to passive:
1. Take the object of the active to the subject of the passive.
2. The verb “ be” according to the new subject must be the same tense with the main 
verb in active .
3. The main verb in passive is in past participle .
4. Take the subject of the active to the object of the passive preceded “By” 
( When you want to emphasize the agent of the action)
 Active S + V + O
 Passive S + Be + V (participle) + O
Eg: 
 Active They will finish this work tomorrow.
 S V O
 Passive This work will be finished (by them) tomorrow.
 S Be + V(ed) O
 Note:
 • If subject and object are Nouns , they will stay the same. If subject and object are 
 personal pronouns, they will change as follow:
 Subject: I You He She It We They
 Object: me you him her It Us Them 
- Adverbs of manner are often placed before the main verbs in passive.
Eg: He wrote the book wonderfully.
 7 V. SPECIAL PASSIVE CASES:
There are some special passive cases that are not in the same way. 
 1. Causative form :
 S + have / has + O (person) + V-(infi) + O (thing)....
 Active S + get + O (person ) + V( infi) + O (thing).......
 S have /has /get + O (thing) + P2..........(by + O (thing).
 Passive
Eg : A: I had him repair my bike yesterday.
 P: I had my bike repaired yesterday.
 A: I get her to make some coffee.
 P: I get some coffee made.
I 
2. Verbs of perception: see, watch, hear, notice.......
A : S + V (senses) + O + V(infi) / V –ing........
P : S (o) + be + P2 + V (infi) /V –ing..........
Ex : I saw her come in.
 She was seen to come in.
 I heard him giving order.
 He was heard giving order.
3. Verbs of opinions : say , think, know , believe , report, expect, consider, ......
A : S + V (opinion) + that + S + V........
P : - It + be + P2 + that + S + V.........
 - S + be + P2 + V (infi) / to have + P2.
Eg1: People say (that ) he is a good doctor.
 →It is said (that) he is a good doctcr
 →He is said to be a good doctor.
 - People believe (that) she does that work carefully.
 → It is believed (that) she does that work carefully.
 9 5. Gerund combination : advise, insist, propose, suggest, recommend....
A : S + V + V-ing +O....... P : S + V + that + S(o) + should + be + P2.......
Eg : He recommended using bullet- proof glass.
 He recommended bullet –proof glass should be used.
But : 
A : S + advise / beg / order / recommend / urge + Oi + V(infi) + Od.
Eg : He urged the council to redue the rate.
 The council was urged to redue the rate
 He urged that the rate should be reduced.
6. 
A : S+ would like + V (infi) + Oi + Od. P : S + would like + Oi + to be + P2.
 love love
Eg : I would like to give Lan a nice prsent.
 I would like Lan to be given a nice present.
7. 
A : S + like + O + V (infi) +......... P : S + like + to be + P2+...............
Eg : I don’t like people to ask me stupid questions.
 I don’t like to be asked stupid questions.
8. 
A. : S + need + V(infi) P : S + need + to be P2 / V-ing.
Eg : I need to clean the house because it is very dirty.
 The house needs to be cleaned because it is very dirty.
9. 
A : S + hate/ remember / object to + O + V-ing.
 P : S + hate / remember / object to + being + P2.
 11 3. Mr. Wilson is  as Wilie to his friend.
a. knowed b. knew c. known d. is known
4. References . in the examination room.
a. not are used b. is not used c. didn’t used d. are not used
5. Laura .. in Boston.
a. are born b. were born c. was born d. born
6. My nother is going  this house.
a. sold b. to be sold c. to sold d. to sell
7.There’s somebody hehind us . I think we are .
a. being followed b. are followed c. follow d. following
8. Have you .. by a dog?
a. bite b. ever been bit c. ever been bitten d. bit
9.The room is being .. at the moment.
a. was cleaned b. cleaned c. cleaning d. clean
10. The road to our village . widened next year.
a. is b. will c. can d. will be
11. His car needs .
a. be fixed b. fixing c. to be fixing d. fixed.
12. Her watch needs.
a. reparing b. to be repaired c. repaired d. a&b.
13. He was said.this building.
a. designing b. to have designed c. to designs d. designed
14. Ted.by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
a. got sting b. got stung c. get stung d. gets stung
15. Let the children..taken to the cinema.
a. to b. be c. to be d. being.
Exercise 3: Choose the best answer a,b,c or d to complete the following sentences:
1. Somebody cleans that room everyday.
a. The room every day is cleaned.
b. The room is everyday cleaned.
c. The room is cleaned every day.
d. The room is cleaned by somebody everyday.
2. They cancelled all flights because of fog.
a. All flights because of fog were cancelled.
b. All flights were cancelled because of fog.
c. All flights were cancelled by them because of fog.
d. All flights were because of fog cancelled.
3. They are building a new highway around the city.
a. A new highway is being built around the city.
b. A new highway is being built around the city by them.
c. A new highway around the city is being built.
d. Around the city a new highway is being built.
4. They have built a new hospital near the airport.
a. A new hospital has been built near the airport by them.
b. A new hospital near the airport has been built.
c. A new hospital has been built near the airport .
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