Some measures to teach vocabulary for grade 4 students at nga trung primary school, nga son district, thanh hoa province

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TỈNH THANH HÓA
PHÒNG GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO HUYỆN NGA SƠN 
SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM
SOME MEASURES TO TEACH VOCABULARY FOR 
GRADE 4 STUDENTS AT NGA TRUNG PRIMARY SCHOOL, NGA SON DISTRICT, THANH HOA PROVINCE
Người thực hiện: Mai Thị Thoa
Chức vụ: Giáo viên
Đơn vị công tác: Trường TH Nga Trung
SKKN thuộc lĩnh mực (môn): Tiếng Anh
 THANH HÓA, NĂM 2019
CATEGORY
Content
Page
1. Introduction
1
1.1. Reasons for selecting an initiative
1
1.2. Research purposes
1
1.3. Research subjects
1
1.4. Research Methods
1
2. Content
2
2.1. Rationale
2
2.2. Reality
2
2.2.1.The benefit
2
2.2.2. The situation results
3
2.3. Some measures to help students in grade 4 Nga Trung Primary School learn English vocabulary well.
3
2.3.1. Measure 1: Improve the students' awareness about learning how to learn vocabulary in English
3
2.3.2. Measure 2. To overcome status students are not interested in learning new words:
4
2.3.3. Measure 3: How to choose words to teach effectively .
4
2.3.4. Measure 4: Steps to teach words are interesting for students.
6
2.3.5. Measure 5: Help students to memorize vocabulary through song or chant
12
2.3.6. Measure 6. Teaching new words is highly effective through communication
12
2.3.7. Measure 7. Teaching new words is highly effective through paragraphs
14
2.3.8. Measure 8. Teaching new words is highly effective through practice
14
2.3.9. Measure 9. To overcome status students use more Vietnamese :
16
2.4. Effectivenes of the themes
18
3. Conclusions and recommendations
18
3.1. Conclude
18
3.2. Request
19
1. INTRODUCTION.
1.1. Reason for choosing an initiative:
When it comes to English, we think of it as a global language. For Vietnam, a country standing in front of the development era, expanding the door of globalization. Therefore, for future students and students of the country, learning English becomes ever more necessary. Good English learning is a good opportunity for them to find high quality jobs, communicate with the outside world, access the science they pursue. Currently in the education system of Vietnam, English is a compulsory subject from the primary level. In order to meet the requirements of the fact that each teacher needs to explore, research and select teaching skill methods in accordance with the reality, how can students comprehend all knowledge of the subject this.
In the process of learning foreign languages ​​in general, English in particular vocabulary can be said to be the most important part. because it is a means of conveying views, ideas and a bridge between listening and reading and writing skills. Through the process of teaching English in Nga Trung over the past year I have found that memorizing vocabulary of students is limited. Therefore, it is not really effective to learn their reading and writing skills. This negatively affects their English learning process in the current period as well as the next levels of study. However, teaching vocabulary is not easy at all, especially young people are taught to start learning a foreign language. Teaching English in general and teaching vocabulary in particular to children, it requires teachers not only to have good language skills but also how to keep students engaged in lessons. To do that, teachers have to create diverse activities in the lessons. Continuous improvement of teaching methods in a positive direction, promoting active innovation and self-learning ability of students is the basic solution to improve the quality of education. , and study teaching vocabulary to students to get the best results and that's why I choose the topic: " Some measures to teach vocabulary for grade 4 students at Nga Trung Primary School, Nga Son District, Thanh Hoa Province".
1.2. The purpose of the study
I personally find that teaching vocabulary to students is an essential task to help students develop and complete the 4 basic skills of English learners: Listening (Listening), Speaking (Speaking), Reading (Reading) and Writing (Writing) and also gradually improving the quality of English teaching for students in grade 4 of English teaching for students in grade 4 of Nga Trung primary school in particular and elementary students in general in a positive and creative way.
1.3. Research objects.
Introduction of methods and techniques for teaching vocabulary English for students in grade 4 of Nga Trung primary school.
1.4. Research Methodology
Teachers need to apply various research methods such as:
- Methods of investigation.
- Empirical Method.
- Research Methodology theory teaching language .
- Research and teaching methods from within the document, online, television.
2. CONTENT
2.1. Theoretical basis.
In order to promote the positive, self-initiative, creative thinking of students with special characteristics, there are many factors affecting. In teaching and learning English vocabulary is one of three components of The system forms the language of knowledge and acts as a means and condition for the formation and development of communication skills. Can say vocabulary plays a crucial role in communication. English vocabulary as a seed to grow on a solid grammar tree, without vocabulary, any language becomes meaningless. According to the famous linguist David A Wilkins (1972) once said “no grammar very little information can be conveyed. But without vocabulary, no information can be conveyed”. Learning foreign languages ​​the role of vocabulary is very important. We must accumulate many vocabulary and apply flexible language in communication. Thus learning vocabulary and forging skills to use vocabulary is a leading factor in the transmission of a language in general and English in particular. However, the viewpoint of teaching and learning English vocabulary by changing methods leads to many changes in teaching and learning vocabulary. Therefore, the selection of teaching methods such as how to promote positive, disciplined, proactive, creative thinking of students, promote self-study ability, practical ability, passion Learning and the will to rise for students is what all English teachers care about.
2.2. Current situation of teaching and learning vocabulary for grade 4 students at Nga Trung Primary School
2.2.1.The benefit
The school has enough facilities for teaching and learning: there are classrooms, computers, monitors, projectors, headsets.
English vocabulary in the curriculum is used in accordance with the general development of social and psychological characteristics of students. As elementary students are formed and developed cognitive abilities on the basis of specific thinking, teaching vocabulary derived from the system needs interesting topics and topics, close to students so the learning process episodes happen naturally. At this age, vocabulary is best applied when students actively engage in communication activities through specific, familiar topics.
The theme of the lesson is structured according to the topic, interesting topics, close, closely linked from grade 3 to grade 5.
 In addition, providing capital for students to ensure continuity between levels of education. Providing students with a rich vocabulary helps them shape and develop their ability to use English as a communication tool.
Currently all levels and sectors, as well as the vast majority of people are aware of the importance of learning English, so parents are interested in investing for their children to study English such as: full books, equipment and facilities useful for learning are also fully equipped.
2.2.2. The situation results
Primary students are still playing, not focusing on studying.They are not aware of the importance of English. I see that Nga Trung students speak very hard the local language makes the pronunciation of English become difficult and inaccurate, and that affects the psychology of speaking English, they are often very afraid, lack of confidence and hesitant to learn English. so their ability to memorize words is limited. The importance of the initial stage is to develop the ability to communicate simply in a new language without fear of making mistakes, significantly affecting student motivation.
 There is a fundamental factor affecting language learning: children will not learn without motivation. Almost all students pronounce incorrectly. Examples: 'teacher', library, e'raser, etc. - Also, they cannot play the ending sound but almost eliminate the sounds like: s, z, t, k. For example: / s / ->, class, student.../ z / -> is, zoo, season... / t / -> eat, hat, kite... / k / -> books, milk, like...
 Primary students are very active, so it is easy to lose focus, forget quickly,
 In particular, many parents in Nga Trung work away from home, they stay at home with grandparents. And most parents do not know how to guide their children to learn English.
 Determining advantages and disadvantages, at the beginning of the 2018-2019 school year, I conducted a survey of grade 4 students 4A (experimental) and 4B (control) in Nga Trung Primary School And the results are as follow.
Class
Size
Rating rating
Finished well
Finish
Unfinished
SL
TL
SL
TL
SL
TL
4A (experimental)
33
6
18,2
20
60,6
7
21,2
 4B(control)
34
5
14,7
23
67,6
6
17,7
From the above practice results, I have been thinking, researching and in order to make the work better, help students enjoy learning English and improve the quality of education in the school, I would like to present some measures practical as follows:” Some measures to teach vocabulary for grade 4 students at Nga Trung Primary School”
2.3. Some measures to help students in grade 4 Nga Trung Primary School learn English vocabulary well.
2.3.1. Measure 1: Improve the students' awareness about learning how to learn vocabulary in English
Propaganda is the first method chosen to raise awareness for students. As you know, some elementary students do not pay more attention to learning English because this is a subject that has not been a compulsory subject in elementary schools. This is also a difficult subject at school. Therefore, I always persuade my students about the importance of learning English. Learning English to be able to travel around the world, they can easily make friends with foreigners, they can chat with foreigners on facebook or zalo, they can easily find a good job. With high salaries in the pioneer company in the future, they can read books, newspapers, stories or watch movies in English. If you want to learn English well, the first and the most important thing is to learn, memorize vocabulary, accumulate yourself vocabulary because without vocabulary you will not be able to convey the idea of I let others understand or read books, listen to music .... Thanks to my persuasion, my students can understand why they should learn English vocabulary. When they play an important role in learning vocabulary, they will work hard to learn well the four skills of listening-speaking - reading - writing English effectively.
2.3.2. Measure 2. To overcome status students are not interested in learning new words:
Previously, most teachers followed the traditional method that teachers recorded and students did homework. After that, the teacher corrects, if the student makes a mistake, the teacher is always active in class, and all students just listen and do everything is enough. Therefore, teachers will be very tired, passive students. So they are afraid to learn and speak English. As a language teacher, I always care about how students learn and how to stimulate passion, like learning English in children.
To teach English for Primary students effectively and to help students interested in lesson are not easy, so depending on the characteristics of each class, each object, content and capacity knowledge of each lesson, teachers can practice vocabulary at different times, at different stages of each article, the main teaching hours or extracurricular courses, organized manner ..... to teachers choose the form of exercise and test accordingly. For students more interested in learning new words I have combined the following forms:
2.3.3. Measure 3: How to choose words to teach effectively .
a. Choose word by topic
English has hundreds of thousands of words, so teaching new words is not an easy task for foreign language teachers. But remember that an ordinary person only uses natural speech about five thousand words in everyday communication. Usually, a lesson of new words always appears. Especially primary school students have poor concentration ability and still play. To choose words to teach, teachers should teach them themed vocabulary to attract students' attention and interest
Learning vocabulary by topic will help students feel more interested in learning, easier to learn. It is this that will make learning vocabulary more effective. later when learning the topic of vocabulary becomes a habit of students will find learning English interesting and more receptive
Example : Unit 8: What subjects do you have today?- Grade 4 
- Pre- teaching subject vocabulary, teachers ask students to talk about some of the subjects they are studying in class
T: What subjects are you learning in class?
Ss: We are learning English, maths, Vietnamese.
- While- teaching subject vocabulary, Ask students to observe the pictures a, b, c ... f then the teacher introduces the vocabulary
 Example: Picture a
T: What is this subject?
Ss: It is Maths
T: Maths
Example: Picture b
T: What is this subject?
Ss: It is science
T: science
..
Subject learning vocabulary helps students memorize words faster and longer. In Unit 8: What subjects do you have today?- Grade 4 after learning the vocabulary about subjects. I found my students remember the names of the subjects very well
Example : Unit 19: What animal do you want to see?- Grade 4 
Similar when I teach vocabulary about the topic of animals my student learn very excited
Example: Picture a
T: What animals are these?
Ss: They are Kangaroos
T: Kangaroos
Example: Picture b
T: What animals are these?
Ss: They are crocodiles
T: crocodiles
..
After teaching the topic vocabulary about animals, I found my students interested in learning and boldly participating in learning. they are interested in talking about animals they have seen at the zoo. Exciting and effective lesson
b. Choose synonyms, antonyms
+ Use synonyms to help learn to memorize good words and to flexibly use synonyms in communication and other skills
 Example: nice – pretty- beautiful 
 clever – intelligent 
 dull – stupid, foodball –Soccer 
 rubber- eraser 
+ Antonym 
Use the questions
Example : Unit 14: What does he look like?- Grade 4
 T: What is the words antonym for the “old” words
 Sts: It’s “young”
Similar to other antonyms pairs, I also ask students. and students respond to the lesson very enthusiastically
tall >< ugly,
strong >< old,..
Teaching antonyms helps students learn a lot of words at the same time, for example, when speaking to tall, students remember immediately short word or when it comes big word, they also think of small words. I found that applying vocabulary teaching method with antonyms to 4th grade students in Nga Trung primary school, students learn better, remember longer words.
2.3.4. Measure 4: Steps to teach words are interesting for students.
In English to teach new words of a lesson, teachers need to divide the teaching into 03 stages: Pre teaching, While teaching Post teaching. Therefore, in order for a lesson to be effective, I have to carefully study and select the appropriate activities for each lesson in each stage. As follows:
a. Pre – teaching: This is a very important step that plays a decisive role in the success of a lesson. In this stage, teachers need to give a general introduction on the topic of teaching to create attraction, interest for students, create a need for students to study and encourage students to think about the topic of vocabulary. They will study. During the class I have applied the following tricks and skills for the Pre-teaching step:
- Using visual tools (using video channel in textbooks): picture is the information channel that the brain can remember more easily. Primary students enjoy the images so using vocabulary pictures will help them memorize good words. I use pictures in the textbooks to attract students' attention to create exciting atmosphere for the class.
Example : (unit 9: What are they doing? - grade 4)
To teach new words playing football I used pictures in books
T: What are they doing?
Sts: they are playing football
T: playing football
- Using intuitive:
It's in the classroom objects, pictures, drawings sketches (rod), picture collage words magazines, gestures etc. Strong effect excitement of student learning and help students memorize faster, longer.
Example : Unit 8: What subjects do you have today?- Grade 4
To teach some words: English, maths, music, Vietnamese, 
-Teacher raises a English book and asks
T: What is this?
S: It is a English book
T: English
similar teachers introduce vocabulary of other subjects such as math ...
T: What is this?
S: It is a maths book
T: Maths
Using visualization to teach vocabulary is also effective.I have also applied this method to grade 4 students and found it to be remarkably effective. My students study very hard and memorize words very well. 
- Mine 
Teachers use facial expressions, gestures and body activities to make students guess words
Example : Unit 5: Can you swim?- Grade 4 
Teacher sings
T ask: what am I doing 
Ss: You are singing.
T: Sing
Similarly when I want to introduce from Swim I make a gesture like I am swimming
T ask: what am I doing 
Ss: You are swimming.
T: swim
This is also a method I have applied to my 4th graders, they are very excited. they enthusiastically raised their hands on the board as a gesture for them to guess the word. With this method will help students confidently speak English, be more interested in this subject, create a more natural learning atmosphere without putting pressure on them.
- List name
For example, teaching words “drink” I have listed words of drinks such as: water, orange juice, fruit juice, lemonade ...
b. While- teaching
In the process of teaching vocabulary, I take each step:
- Step 1: "listen", I let students listen to new words by reading samples or
use native language CD.
- Step 2: "speak", after the students have heard three times I asked
repeat students. When giving the students a repeat, tell the class first, then call them personally to check and correct them immediately.
- Step 3: "read", write the word on the board and have students look at it to read. Have students read the whole class, then read individually and correct the students' mistakes. At the same time, encourage them to make good pronunciation to stimulate their learning spirit.
- Step 4: "write", after students have read the word correctly then I will ask the students to write the word in the notebook.
c. Post- teaching
- Organizing these activities for students to reinforce this is effective. I often apply some games after each lesson to test my students remember and understand how to use that vocabulary and reinforce ants Wake up for them .. And to create excitement for student learning in lessons, I often give games.
- Pelmanism:
Example: Unit 12 What does your father do? Grade 4 
- This is a kind of picture flip game on powerpoint, find and flip 2 pictures, 2 words or 1 picture, 1 same font.
After teaching vocabulary about career topics, I let students play the game Pelmanism to check whether the students understand and remember words to and I found this game very effective, my students were very excited and recorded Remember the good word.
This is a great trofchowi, which helps students learn and play but is an effective way to practice vocabula