SKKN The knowledge related to the verb to have in English

TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE NUMBER
 TABLE OF CONTENT
2
 PART I: INTRODUCTION	 
3
 1. Aims of the study 
3
 2. Contributions of the study in teaching
4
 PART II: DEVELOPMENT	 	 
5
 CHAPTER 1. SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND	 
 1.Theoretical background	 
 2. Practical background
CHAPTER 2. THE REALITY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING THE KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO THE VERB “ TO HAVE” AT TRIỆU THỊ TRINH 3RD UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL
13
 CHAPTER 3. The usage of TO USE THE “TO HAVE” VERB IN ENGLISH
16
 3.1. The pronunciation of the verb “ HAVE” in different cases
18
 3.2. “HAVE” as an ordinary verb 
20
 3.3. “HAVE” as an auxilary verb
23
 CHAPTER 4. VERIFYING THE SOLUTION OF THE STUDY
25
 PART III: CONCLUSION
28
 REFERENCES
29
PART I: INTRODUCTION	
1.1.	Rationale
 English is one of the necessary subjects for students in general, and even more important for high school students because it is not only a compulsory subject at school but also a subject of decision in the important contests as high school exams and university entrance exams. It is considered as a main key to open the treasure of human knowledge. Similar to other languages, English verbs are the main ingredients in the English sentence. Among the many verbs, the verb TO HAVE is used and how to use it can be said to be the most diverse. 
For students, the knowledge related to the verb TO HAVE and distinguish the differences in each structure is not simple. Therefore, I have decided to choose the topic "The knowledge related to the verb TO HAVE in English" to systematize in a relatively full useage and to help students learn more effectively.
1.2. Aims of the study 
This study is conducted to help students of Trieu Thi Trinh 3rd High school to understand the verb TO HAVE more clearly. Furthermore, it is hoped that sts learn how to use the knowledge realating to the verb TO HAVE. To summarize the above, my study is aimed at:
Providing the theretical background about the verb “ to have”
Analyzing the types of the verb TO HAVE and its specific usages
Some difficulties posibly encountered by sts at Trieu Thi Trinh 3rd Upper secondary school when using the verb “ TO HAVE” .
Suggesting some feasible solutions to help teacher and students at the school improve the quality of teaching and learning English skills, especially in mastering English grammar rules.
 1.3 Scope of the study
 Given the rationale and the aims of the study , it is necessary to limit the study to the areas which are manageable. Benefits of summarizing the knowledge involved with “to have” verb create the effectiveness of students’ learning and grammar which focus on two factors: developing students’s motivation and understanding of the lesson. The subject under the study are the 11th – form students at Trieu Thi Trinh 3rd Upper secondary school.
 1.4. Methods of the study
To complete this study, the following steps implemented:
Collected references and books related to English grammar are analyzed in details to form the theoretical background this paper.
The available theory concerning with “to have” verb is studied and followed in my study paper.
Ideas of some possible difficulties are got from my understanding the English learning and teaching English at Trieu Thi Trinh 3rd Upper secondary school as well as my gained experiences in training course.
PART II: DEVELOPMENT	
 CHAPTER 1. SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND	 
 1.Theoretical background	 
Nowadays, English is a language widely used in the world. It is the official language of many countries and many people use it as a second language.It is used as the language of many important fields, such as: aviation, sports, business, engineering, etc. It can be easily seen that we need to master English to be able to have better access to human knowledge, and with international integration. 
 Therefore, equipping students with good knowledge of this language and the skills to use it is very important.
 In reality, English has been a core subject in schools in Vietnam for many years. Equipping teaching conditions as textbooks, reference books are always interested by teachers. 
 However, It is the fact that each book refers to different aspects of an issue.
To master the knowledge in a systematic way is not easy task ,the learner must synthesize from many different sources, and not everyone can find the suitable books.
 The knowledge related to TO HAVE verb in English is also not an exception. For having the knowledge system to students adequately on this verb, I have also refered to many different books. In this study, I am focusing on the following key issues:
 - The pronunciation of the verb HAVE in cases
 - The HAVE verb used as a verb.
 + Meaning "possess"
 + Other meanings
 - The HAVE verb used as auxiliary verbs in different structures.
2. Practical background
 English verb is a main ingredient in sentence and TO HAVE verb in the English language is also. Moreover, this verb is also used in many sentence structures with many different meanings.
 Obviously, TO HAVE verb along with TO BE verb has the most diverse usage in English. These are the verbs which the students meet regularly during the process of learning English at school.
 However, in the proces of teaching English, we can see that not all students who can master the knowledge system related to this verb.
 There are many reasons why students can not master this knowledge well. The first reason is because of the English learning environment. Primarily, students often practise writing to memorize grammatical structures and do not pay attention much on practising speaking. The second one is that students themselves are not aware of the necessity of learning English subject and learn English as a compulsory task. The limited ability of the students for absorbing English lessons is also considered as a reason students can not achieve high results whereas some students have tried to spend much time on learning English. The fourth reason is because students do not know how to systematize the knowledge accordingly so that they can master the basic content of a lesson.
 It is a fact that students try to remember the formula mechanically, or think
carelessly and sometime do not find out the nature of the problem clearly to infer basic conclusions.
 Therefore, teachers should provide a fairly complete knowledge system to their students , and help them understand carefully the knowledge learned.
CHAPTER 2. THE REALITY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING THE KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO “ TO HAVE” VERB IN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL
 For high school students in general and at Trieu Thi Trinh 3rd High School , learning about the TO HAVE verb is usually used as a verb and they have seen that it is different from other verbs. If regular verbs in the present tense on confirmation is divided as V, Vs or Ves with most verbs (eg I like ... or ... He likes; I watch ... or He watches ...), the HAVE verb can be divided into “HAVE” or “HAS”
Students also have to distinguish the difference between HAVE and HAVE GOT . The negative forms of “HAVE” are used as “ DO NOT HAVE” or “DOES NOT HAVE” while “HAVE GOT” being “HASN”T GOT” or “GOT”. 
 In the next lesson, the students have distinguish usages of “HAVE” meant as “possess” (sở hữu). It is a fact that most of the students have translated an English sentence "I have breakfast at 6:30 a.m" into Vietnamese : " Tôi có bữa sáng lúc sáu rưỡi sáng."
They also have to keep in mind that “ HAVE” meant as "possess", it is not used in the continuous tenses. However, the verb “HAVE” has other means used in the continuous tenses.
For example, we can say: "I'm having breakfast." but we can not say, "She is having a new car of the her own now".
 The verb“ TO HAVE” with the function of an auxiliary verb is also complicated. It can be used as auxiliary verb in the present perfect tense, present perfect continuous tense, past perfect tense , past perfect continuous tense, future perfect, future perfect continuous (active and passive sentences ). Besides, it is used in such structures as: must have + past participle, might(not) have + past participle, should(n’t) have + past participle, need(n’t) have + past participle, could(n’t) have + past participle, would(n’t) have + past participle, was/were to have + past participle. Each structure has different meanings. In addition, it is also appeared in several special structures: have somebody do something; have something done; have somebody doing something , etc.
In short, to teach students how to understand and distinguish the different usages of the verb“ TO HAVE” is very difficult, and it is more difficult to help students how to systematize this knowledge in a fairly full way.
CHAPTER 3. SOME WAYS OF USING THE TO HAVE VERB IN ENGLISH
3.1. PRONUNCIATION
 Being a special verb , “TO HAVE” is conjugated : “has/have” for the present tense and “had” for past tense . In affirmative form or negative from; present tense or part tense, the verb has its abbreviation:
	“have” can be pronounced as [hæv ] or [həv]
	“has” can be pronounced as [hæz] or [həz]
We pronounce [hæv]/ [hæz] when there is stress and [həv]/[ həz] when there is no.
	I have – I’ve [aiv]
	He has – He’s[hi:z]
	She has – She’s [∫i:z]
	It has - It’s[its]
	We has – We’ve[wi:v]
	You have – You’ve [ju:v]
	They have – They’ve[ðeiv]
have not = haven’t [hævnt]
has not = hasn’t [hæznt]
had not= hadn’t [hædnt]
Eg:
has [həz] 	Has anyone seen my pencil?
	He has been here.
	She has got a book.
 [s]	It’s fallen on the floor
	What’s happened?
 [hæz] Has he got a ballpen?-> yes, he has
	He hasn’t seen it yes.
have [həv]	Where have you been? 
	I have got a book 
	They have gone
 [hæv] Have you got a pen? -> yes, I have
	I haven’t seen you for weeks
	Have you finished?
had [hæd]	He had a headache yesterday.
	I hadn’t a car
3.2. HAVE AS AN ORDINARY VERB
3.2.1. HAVE and HAVE GOT meaning “possess”
 This is the basic mean of HAVE.
Affirmative full form
Short form
Negative short form
I have
You have 
He has
She has 
It has
We have
They have
I’ve
You’ve
He’s 
She’s 
It’s 
We’ve
They’ve
I don’t have
You don’t have
He doesn’t have 
She doesn’t have 
It doesn’t have 
We don’t have
They don’t have
a chance
3.2.1.1. The present form of HAVE as an ordinary verb
3.2.1.2. The past form of HAVE as an ordinary verb
Affirmative full form
Short form
Negative short form
I had
You had
He had
She had 
It had
We had
They had
I’d
You’d
He’d 
She’d 
It’d 
We’d
They’d
I didn’t have
You didn’t have
He didn’t have
She didn’t have
It didn’t have
We didn’t have
They didn’t have
a chance
3.2.1.3. The present form of HAVE GOT
Affirmative full form
Short form
Negative short form
I have got
You have got
He has got 
She has got
It has got
We have got
They have got
I’ve got
You’ve got
He’s got
She’s got
It’s got
We’ve got 
They’ve got
I haven’/ I’ve not got
You haven’t/ You’ve not got
He hasn’t/ He’s not got
She hasn’t/ He’s not got
It hasn’t/ It’s not got
We haven’t/ We’ve not got
They haven’t/ They’ve not got
a chance
3.2.1.4. Notes on the form of HAVE and HAVE GOT meaning POSSESS HAVE and HAVE GOT (= possess) are often interchangable but there are differences between British and American usage.
a, HAVE GOT is basically a perfect form.
Compare the following:
	a, get (= obtain)	b, have got (= possess)
	 A: Go and get the tickets. A: Have you got the ticket?
	 What have you got?	 B: Yes, I’ve got the tickets.
	 B: I’ve got the tickets.	 (= I posess them)
	 (= I have obtained them)
 In British English, HAVE GOT can be used as the perfect form of GET to mean “have obtained” as in “a” above. This meaning is emphasized in the American English form “have gotten” which always means “have obtained”. However, in British English (more rarely in American English) HAVE GOT can also mean “possess” as in “b” above.
	“I have the tickets” and “I’ve got the tickets” are equivalents. 
Indeed, in spoken , idiomatic British English
	“I’ve got the tickets” is more common than “I have the tickets”
b, In British English, questions and negative with HAVE = POSSESS can be formed in the same way as for BE. 
We say:	“Are you ready?”
	“Have you a pen?” (= Have you got a pen?)
	“Aren’t you ready?”
	“Haven’t you a pen?” (= Haven’t you got a pen?)
	“You aren’t ready.”
	“You haven’t a pen.” (= You haven’t got a pen.)	
There is an alternative negative form for HAVE GOT.
	I’ve not got a pen.
But this is less common than
	I haven’t got a pen.
HAVE on its own (without GOT) can also form questions and negatives with do/does/ did. This is usual in American English and is becoming more common in British English. To the extent that:
	“I hadn’t a pen.” and “Had you a pen?” are becoming rare. Common: 	You don’t have a pen.
	Do you have a pen?
	You didn’t have a pen.
	Did you have a pen?
c, HAVE (= possess) is a stative verb. It can’t be used in the progressive though it can be used in all simple tenses.
	Present	: I have a Ford.
	Past	: He had a Ford last year.
	Present perfect	: She has had this car for five years.
	Past perfect	: She told me she had had this car for five years.
	Future	: I will have a new car soon.
	Future perfect 	: By March she will have had her car for five years
	With modal	: I can have a Ford as a company car.
HAVE (= possess) is not normally used in the passive. The imperative (never with GOT) is rare: 	
	Have patience!
d, HAVE GOT (= possess) is normally used only for present reference:
	I’ve got a Ford.
The affirmative “had got” is sometime possible in the past, “had” on its own is generally preferred.
	The bride looked lovely. Her dress had (got) beautiful flowers.	
We can never use “had got” for certain states.
	He had ( not “had got”) long hair when he was a teenager.
“had got” is generally used in its original sense of “had obtained”.
	When I saw him, he had just got a new car.
“will have got” is only used in the sense of “will have obtained”.
	By May I will have got / will have obtained a new car.
HAVE GOT in the passive is impossible.
e, HADN’T GOT is usually possible to DIDN’T HAVE
	I didn’t have / hadn’t got an appointment so I made one for 4 p.m
	I felt cold. I didn’t have / hadn’t got a coat.
HADN”T on its own (always contracted) is possible.
	I hadn’t an appointment.
	I hadn’t a coat.
But not very usual.
In past questions, the usual form is: 
	Did you have a coat?
	Did you have an appoitment?
	When did you have one?
“Had you?” sounds old-fashioned and formal.
“Had you got?” can be used in Yes/No questions but sounds awkward in Wh-questions, so is ususlly avoided.
	Had you got an appointment? 
But not usual: 
When had you got ?
HAVE GOT is preferable to HAVE in WHICH subject-questions:
	Which (pen) have you got? (or Which pen do you have?)
But not usual: 
Which pen have you?
f, Some form of HAVE (= possess) are rare or not encounted at all.
-The short form of the affirmative, especially in the third person (he’s / she’s)
The full form is used
	He/ She has a pen. ( not He’s a pen. ) 
-The uncontracted negative ( The contracted form is normal.)
	I haven’t/ hadn’t a pen.
-Some question forms, except when formed with DO
g, Compare
	My bag’s old. It’s old. (= My bag is old. It is old. ) 
	My bag’s got a hole in it. It’s got a hole in it.
	(= My bag has got a hole in it. It has got a hole in it. )
h, The non-standard form “ain’t got” is commonly heard in place of “haven’t got” and “hadn’t got”. 
	I ain’t got my bag.
	She ain’t got her bag.
Similarly “have” and “has” are often omitted before “got”
	I got my car outside.
3.2.1.5. When we use HAVE and HAVE GOT (= possess) 
In all the examples below HAVE can be replaced by HAVE GOT in the present and sometimes in the past. Short form with GOT ( I’ve got) are much more common than full form ( I have got ) especially in speech.
a, In the sense of “own” or “possess” 
	I have (got) a new briefcase.
	She has (got) a nice flat. 
b, In the sense of “be able to provide”
	Do you have/Have you got any ink? 
(= Can you let me have some?)
	Do you have/Have you got any fresh eggs? 
(= Can you let me have some?)
c, Have (got) + number (of things) / quantity of a substance.
	I have (got) ten pencils.
	He has (got) a lot of milk.
d, Possession of physical characteristics.
HAVE and HAVE GOT combine with nouns like:
	a beard; blue eyes; long hair; a scar; a slim figure
to describe appearance. 
	You should see our baby. He has (got) big brown eyes.
	Our dog has (got) long ears.
	This plant has (got) lovely russet leaves.
	Our house has (got) five room.
e, Possession of mental and emotional qualities
HAVE and HAVE GOT combine with nouns like:
	faith; a good mind; patience; a quick temper
To describe character.
	She has (got) nice manners but she has (got) a quick temper.
f, Family relationships
	I have (got) a good brother.
	He has (got) a lot of friends.
g, In the sense of “wear”
	That’s a nice dress you have/ you’ve got on.
	I can’t answer the door. I have (got) nothing on.
h, Illness
HAVE and HAVE GOT combine with nouns describing pains and illness. For the use of a/an with such nouns.
	I have (got) a cold.
	She has (got) a bad headache.
	The baby has (got) measles.
i, Arrangements
HAVE and HAVE GOT combine with nouns like:
	an appointment; a conference; a date; an interview; a meeting 
	I have (got) an appointment with my dentist tomorrow morning 
	Sally has (got) an interview for a job today.
j, Opinions
HAVE and HAVE GOT combine with nouns like: 
	an idea; influence; an objection; an opinion; a proposal; a suggestion; 
	a point of view
	I have (got) an idea.
	Have you (got) any objection to this proposal?
k, In the sense of “There is”
	You have (got) a stain on your shirt.
	(= There is a stain on your shirt.)
	He has (got) sand in his hair.
	(= There is sand in his hair.) 
3.2.2. HAVE meaning something other than “possess”
3.2.2.1. Formation of HAVE meaning something other than “possess” (denoting action)
Imperative	: Have a cup of coffee!
Simple present	: I always have milk in my tea.
Present progressive 	: We’re having lunch.
Simple past	: We had a lovely holiday last summer.
Past progressive 	: I was having a bath when the telephone rang.
Present perfect	: Poor Jim has just had an accident.
Present perfect progressive	: The children have been having a lot of fun.
Past perfect	: I woke up because I had had a bad dream.
Past perfect progressive	: I woke up. I had been having a bad dream.
Simple future	: I’ll have a haircut tomorrow.
Future progressive 	: If anyone phones, I’ll be having a bath.
Future perfect	: You’ll have had an answer by tomorrow.Future perfect progressive	: She’ll been having treatment all her life. 
With modal verbs	: You could have a cup of tea if you like.
3.2.2.2. The formation of HAVE (= possess) and HAVE (other meanings)
a, HAVE in the sense of “eat, enjoy, experience, drink, take” is a dynamic verb so it is concerned with actions ( have a walk) not states like HAVE in the sense of POSSESS ( I have got a car ). Because of this, it can be used in the progressive form of all tenses.
Compare: 
	I have (= I have got) a drink, thanks.
	( It’s in my hand. - stative ) 
	I’m having a drink.
	(I’m drinking. - dynamic ) 
	I have a drink every evening before dinner.
	(= I drink. – dynamic )
HAVE GOT can never replace HAVE used as a dynamic verb
b, HAVE in the sense of TAKE ect is used like any other English verb. This means that
- questions and negatives in the simple present and simple past must be formed with do/does/did.
	Do you have milk in your tea? 
	I don’t have milk in my tea.
	Did you have a nice holiday?
	I didn’t have a nice holiday.
	Does he have drinks everyday?
Compare HAVE meaning POSSESS
	Have you got any milk in your tea? (= Is there any milk in your tea?)
	I haven’t got any mil